Data access restrictions play a key role in keeping confidential data secure and private. They are used to prevent unauthorised users from accessing sensitive data and systems, while also restricting data availability to trusted individuals who have earned the right to access data through rigorous vetting and verification processes.
This includes research training, project vetting and the use of physical or virtual secure lab environments. In certain instances, a publication embargo is required to protect the research findings.
A variety of access control options are available such as Discretionary Control (DAC) which allows the administrator or owner decides who is allowed to access particular systems, data or resources. This model allows for flexibility, but can also lead to security concerns as people could accidentally allow access to people who should not be allowed access. Mandatory Access Control is a non-discretionary system that is widely used in government and military settings. Access is controlled in accordance with information classifications as well as clearance levels.
Access control is necessary to ensure compliance with industry standards for security and protection of information. By using the best practices for access control and adhering strictly to pre-defined policies, organizations can prove compliance in audits or inspections. They can also avoid fines and penalties, and build trust with customers or clients. This is particularly important in environments where regulations like GDPR, HIPAA and PCI DSS apply. By reviewing and updating regularly access rights for current and former employees, organizations can ensure that sensitive data isn’t exposed to users who aren’t authorized. This requires a careful review of access privileges and ensuring that access is deprovisioned automatically when employees leave the organization or change roles.
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